C++ Builder 通过 WMI 获取系统信息

---

WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
   通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
   利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
   很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。

---

BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面

---

① 初始化 COM 接口:
   访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。
   这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。

② 获取访问 WMI 权限:
   CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
   如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。

③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
   这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。

void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)
{
  IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
  if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
   {
     IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
     WideString wsNamespace = (L”root\\cimv2″);
     if(pWbemLocator->ConnectSer ver(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
      {
        IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
        WideString wsWQL=L”WQL”, wsQuery=WideString(L”Select * from “)+wsClass;
        if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)
         {
            IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
            ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;
            if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
             {
               int iEnumIdx = 0;
               while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
                {
                  lpList->Add(“—————- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] —————–”);

                  SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
                  if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)
                   {
                     long vbl, vbu;
                     SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
                     SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
                     for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
                       {
                          long aidx = idx;
                          wchar_t *wsName = 0;
                          VARIANT vValue;
                          VariantInit(&vValue);
                          SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);

                          BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
                          HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
                          SysFreeString(bs);

                          if(hRes == S_OK)
                           {
                             AnsiString s;
                             Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
                             if(v.IsArray())
                              {
                                for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
                                 {
                                   Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
                                   if(!s.IsEmpty())
                                       s+=”, “;
                                   s+=VarToStr(a);
                                 }
                              }
                             else
                              {
                                s = VarToStr(v);
                              }
                             lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+”=”+s);
                           }

                          VariantClear(&vValue);
                          SysFreeString(wsName);
                       }
                   }
                  if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
                  iEnumIdx++;
                }
             }
            if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();
         }
        if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();
      }
     if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices ->Release();
   }
  if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
}
//———————————————————- —————–

// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
    Memo1->Lines->Add(“=========== ======= [WIN32_bios] =================”);
    GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, “WIN32_bios”);
    Memo1->Lines->Add(“”);
}

---

WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:
   Win32_1394Controller
   Win32_BaseBoard
   Win32_Battery
   Win32_BIOS
   Win32_Bus
   Win32_CacheMemory
   Win32_CDROMDrive
   Win32_CurrentProbe
   Win32_DesktopMonitor
   Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
   Win32_DiskDrive
   Win32_DisplayConfiguration
   Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
   Win32_DMAChannel
   Win32_Fan
   Win32_FloppyController
   Win32_FloppyDrive
   Win32_HeatPipe
   Win32_IDEController
   Win32_InfraredDevice
   Win32_IRQResource
   Win32_Keyboard
   Win32_MemoryArray
   Win32_MemoryDevice
   Win32_MotherboardDevice
   Win32_NetworkAdapter
   Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
   Win32_OnBoardDevice
   Win32_ParallelPort
   Win32_PCMCIAController
   Win32_PhysicalMemory
   Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray
   Win32_PnPEntity
   Win32_PointingDevice
   Win32_PortableBattery
   Win32_PortConnector
   Win32_PortResource
   Win32_POTSModem
   Win32_PowerManagementEvent
   Win32_Printer
   Win32_PrinterConfiguration
   Win32_PrintJob
   Win32_Processor
   Win32_Refrigeration
   Win32_SerialPort
   Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
   Win32_SMBIOSMemory
   Win32_SoundDevice
   Win32_SystemEnclosure
   Win32_SystemMemoryResource
   Win32_SystemSlot
   Win32_TapeDrive
   Win32_TemperatureProbe
   Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply
   Win32_USBController
   Win32_VideoConfiguration
   Win32_VideoController
   Win32_VoltageProbe

以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, “WIN32_bios”);

---

BCB 通过 WMI 获取系统信息 – 下载程序源代码